case study of residential buildings
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The following presentation includes the case studies of different residential buildings. It was done by students of Pulchowk campus, Nepal in 2nd year. it includes the form and functional aspects of residential buildings and how can we develop concepts. also it includes topics like site forces and how they have effects in design process.
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case study of residential buildings
- 1. A PRESENTATION ON CASE STUDY OF RESIDENCES Gropius House House 91/4 The See Through The slim house Presented by: Abhishekh Subedi (049) Sandhya Thapa(034) Pratik KC (027) Sushank Khanal (043)
- 2. Gropius House Introduction: Gropius House is a family house designed with the fusion of traditional New England aesthetic and the modernist teachings of the Bauhaus . Gropius introduced modern, mass-produced, prefabricated elements into the design while also taking the vernacular of the surround New England farmhouse aesthetic into consideration besides. Every aspect of the house and its surrounding landscape was planned for maximum efficiency and simplicity of the design. The house is surrounded by an apple orchard and other trees. It takes advantage of this context through large windows and terraces, perhaps a modern interpretation of Thoreau's communing with nature.
- 3. First Floor plan Second Floor plan The first floor plan layout is designed with fluidity. The second floor plan layout is designed to maximize the privacy. Overall, the spatial organization of the house is based on modular unit in order to achieve maximum efficiency. SPATIAL ORGANIZATION Building form
- 4. East Elevation North Elevation West Elevation South Elevation Longitudinal Section A-A Cross Section B-B EXTERNAL FACADE The facade is made based on the concept of simplicity. The major component is window, glass brick for the entrance garden faced and the staircase. The facade is designed in a way where the interior has sufficient gain of sunlight. The house structure reflected a traditional New England post which is well hidden inside the house. STRUCTURE Glass block wall : protects from wind and rain. Yet allows light to permeate the interior. MASSING Massing is a factor in passive thermal comfort and day lighting. The size of the windows on every sides of the house affects the spatial impression of the house especially on north and south elevations.
- 5. Exterior Interior Similar to the exterior of the house, Gropius uses a minimalist color palette throughout the interior consisting of black, white, pale greys, and earth tones with only faint splashes of red found throughout the house.
- 6. HOUSE 91/4 Project name: House 91/4 Architecture firm: Studio Ardete Location: Sector 4, Panchkula, Haryana, India Principal architect: Badrinath Kaleru, Prerna Kaleru Orientation: South-east Built area: 682 m² Site area: 450 m² Design year: 2019 Completion year: 2020 Client: Mr.Munish Aggarwal Introduction: The project 91/4 is located facing a highway on a peripheral sector of sec -4 Panchkula. It is a corner plot in an urban row house measuring 550 sq. yards . The Client being a hotelier wanted a house to be built for a small family of 4, a couple, two teenage children, occasionally visiting parents. Being a hotelier and having multiple hotels, Client wanted to keep the house private and most of the socialising activities would be out of the house. The House is primarily is designed around the day to day activities of occupants.
- 7. The plan of the house is laid to closely knit all the living spaces and seclude it from the guest areas, considering the nuclear family. The Ground floor consists of 2 bedrooms, one for guests and one for day room. The House is laid out around a long central courtyard. The formal area has a connection from the dining area which makes the guest access dining directly and also help serve the guest as a service door. The kitchen living and dining form a long connected space in the north western part of the house, which keeps the occupants together most of the time. The main bedrooms of the house is on the first floor. The rear bedroom and space outside the room acts as a lounge space for occasional closed families to get together. The main living floors are raised by 3’ taller making height about 13’ average below the false ceiling. The increased height makes the spaces look larger compared to conventional heights. They also help passive comfortable spaces keeping warm air on top, helping in Indian Climate. Design Features:
- 8. The facade is primarily bold and minimal. The angular wall in the facade is a reflection to make the elevation look broader than it is. Muted Colors such as white natural stone, Gray ceramic tiles and metallic copper finish blend to create a subtle contrast for the house. The main door is a huge 12’x5’ wooden slatted door which makes a grand entrance into the house. The door opens into a long foyer space, with leather cladded wall on one side and courtyard on the other side, bringing the focus onto the courtyard. Main courtyard which houses an art installation,it is a specifically designed act which offers views for strategic points around the courtyard. It has a water element which activates the courtyard and spaces around it. The facade:
- 9. The use of distinct chandeliers and art works has been planted in all the space to bring life in the built volumes. Exterior Interior Glassworks to have maximum closeness with the nature and proper capturing of sunlight.
- 10. The See Through House Location: One and a half km south, up from Sallaghari to almost on the foot of Subarneswor Mahadev hill. Architect: One line Architects Plot Area: 1912.34 sq ft Building type: 2 storey private residence Orientation: East faced entry Architecture Type: Modern Introduction: The house being nestled on the contours of vast terraced farms provides multiple response with environment. High ceilings and open floor allow visual relation between the communal spaces. The interplay of daylight, height and volumes all contribute spatial richness of the house. The sloping roof of solid mass is crowned over roughly cuboidal white mass. This gives the building a distinctive character of contrasting volumes. Location Map
- 11. Concept The see-through plane is a receptor and a viewfinder that runs across the building and up to the sky. As it opens to the east, it frames nearby fields, forest, hills and sky in a single viewport. Creates the visual relation between surrounding environment. Entry As a receptor,borrows daylight deep inside the house from different directions throughout the day. Draws fresh air from its other end on the west. Spatial Organization The first floor plan layout is open plan composed of living space, kitchen and dining space based on a axis. The parallel axis acts for the service and movement area. Space propagates up the stairs to family seating room through the double height living room. Legends 1. Entry 2. Parking8 3. Store 4. Living room 5. Dining 6. Kitchen 7. Sunken Garden 8. Powder Room 9. Void 10. Family Room 11. Lounge 12. Bed Room 13. C Bathroom 14. A Bathroom 15. Outdoor Deck 16. Home theatre 17. Laundry 18. Puja Room Terrace 19. Lower terrace
- 12. North slope Sunroofs installed in the see through plane. Family room on one side, extends to the outdoor deck overlooking the front yard of the property and terraced farms, on the other side it ascends to an intermediate space of corridor, stair and lounge. The intermediate space is a threshold in between continuous loop of communal spaces in the ground floor. There is an unobstructed interaction from the top floor to bottom floors and vice-versa. Building constructed in original contour avoiding much cut and fill to resist force from earth.
- 14. The Slim House Location Map Location: Bhaktapur-6, Mahakalistan Architect: One line Architects Plot size: 13’ * 75’ Building type: Private residence Orientation: South faced entry Architecture Type: Traditional and modern blended. Introduction: The house is located in between two properties with elongated plot size meant that the center of the house was dark and gloomy and the resulting building would have been claustrophobic. Thus a concept of a lightwell was formed over the central staircase opening up the ceiling to the sloped roof. The outer look of the house represents the tranquility of traditional Newari house with sajhya on the southern front facade and brick wall left exposed. Thus, providing subtle and humble character to the building.
- 15. Spatial Organization The front face is all housed with public spaces (i.e family and kitchen dining), whereas the back face is housed with private space connected with the metal staircase at middle. The building was constructed in two phases with simultaneously demolishing old house. The back part block was constructed at first and then 1st block was constructed joining them both with staircase at middle. There is void space in the central part besides the staircase which allows the house get enough amount of light. Void with movable glass roof at the top. The glass roof prevents rainfall inside the building territory. Design process Ground Floor: Living room Storage room Semi basement First floor: Kitchen Common Bathroom Two bedrooms Second floor: Family living room Common Bathroom Guest bedroom Small sitting space in corridor Top floor: Two personal bedrooms with attached bathrooms.
- 16. Sunroof and glass facade to gain maximum sunlight. Can get east and south sunlight. Change in original design and Dormer window was constructed for maximum space utilization and view. Semi basement used as store room Public gathering/ Living room Washroom above steel cantilever for maximum space for bedroom Metal staircase connecting two building blocks. Design Elements
- 17. Exterior Front and back facade of the house is made in traditional Newari style. Concrete structure is covered with wood and mud to give traditional look. Wooden carved doors and windows has enriched Newari architecture style. Views: The building is designed in such a way that it connects with surrounding environment. “BHAULWA POKHO” can be seen from every room in front face. Similarly, airport lights, Sanga, Changunarayan temple, Suryabinayak temple can be seen from back face and roof. This ensures that the building has got good site force.
- 18. Interior The building has got modern interior with modern furnishing of false ceilings, furnitures, glass facades etc but it has done beautiful job playing with details that reflects traditional Newari culture and Bhaktapur architecture. The volume is also experimented in the top floor ensuring the maximum use of space and for the better view. Although concrete is used in the entire construction, the outer layer of walls have used a layer of mud as to replicate the traditional style. Small details like khopa used in the interior rooms shows its connection with traditional architecture.
- 19. Comparative Analysis Residence Gropius House House 91/4 The See Through The Slim House Design Principle Modern design with New England aesthetics Modern Design Modern Design Traditional Newari design with modern mixed. Design idea Nature and modern Bauhaus teachings Privacy and peace Site structure Small space and maximum utilization of available plot Orientation North-East South- East East South Wall Structure Non load bearing Non load bearing Non load bearing Non load bearing Roof Flat roof One side slope roof Slope roof Slope roof Colour Scheme Black, White, Grey with red accent Subtle and muted black, beige, white Blue, white, beige Brown wooden colour, mud colour and white in interior Building Materials Glass block, Concrete, brick, wood, Acoustical plaster, Fieldstone Concrete, brick, glass, ceramic tiles Concrete, brick, glass, steel Concrete, steel, brick, wood, mud, glass