HEALTH PROBLEMS IN INDIA PPT.pptx
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Major health problems in India include communicable diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, diarrhea, and acute respiratory infections. Non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and stroke are also increasing. Nutritional problems involve protein-energy malnutrition, low birth weight, nutritional anemia, and iodine deficiency. Environmental and sanitation problems are multifaceted due to practices like open defecation. Medical problems stem from inadequate infrastructure, resources, and accessibility of services. Rapid population growth also exacerbates many of these issues.
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HEALTH PROBLEMS IN INDIA PPT.pptx
- 1. DR.ANJALATCHI MUTHUKUMARAN VICE PRINCIPAL ERA COLLEGE OF NURSING UNIT-II HEALTH PROBLEMS IN INDIA
- 2. Health Problems in India INTRODUCTION:- Assessment of health status and health problems is the first requisites for any planned effort to develop health services . India was one of the pioneers in heath services planning with a focus primary health care .
- 3. Definition of health problem Health problems is a state in which person is unable to function normally (state of ill health ,unhealthiness). Major health problems :- There are various health problems in India which can be categorized in following:-
- 4. Cont.. 1- communicable & non communicable problems 2- Nutritional problems 3- Environmental & sanitation problems 4- Medical problems 5- Population problems
- 5. 1- Communicable Problems Communicable disease continue to be major problems in India . Disease considered to be of great importance today are : 1. Malaria:- Malaria continues to be a major health problem in India. Although total malaria cases has decline compare to previous year, the proportion of P. falciparum has increased. Malaria cases have increased in northeast state MP, Jharkhand,Andhra pradesh,Orissa,Maharashtra etc.
- 6. 2. Tuberculosis :- Tuberculosis remains a public health problem, with India accounting for one-fifth of the world incidence. Every year about 2.6 million person develop tuberculosis. 0.24 million people are die of TB every year. 3. Diarrheal diseases:- Diarrheal disease constitute one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality, specially in children below 5 yrs of age. 10.76 million cases of diarrheal each year. 4. ARI:- Acute respiratory disease is one of the major cause
- 7. During 2013, 31.7 million episodes of ARI were reported with 3.278 deaths. 5. Leprosy :- Leprosy is another important public health problems in India . During the year 2013-2014 total of 1.27lakh new cases were detected, out of which child cases were 9.49%. India has achieved the goal of leprosy elimination at national level.
- 8. 6. falaria:- The problem of filaria remains endemic in about 250 district in 20 states. achieve the elimination of LF, the GOVT. of India has launched nationwide annual MASS DRUG ADMINISTRATION .with annual single dose of diethylcar – bamazine citrates tablets in addition to scaling up home based foot care and hydrocele operations. In 2012 ,250 endemic district implemented MDA targeting a population of about 554 million with the coverage rate of 87%.
- 9. 7. AIDS:- The problem of AIDS is stable . It is estimated that by the year 2012there were about 2.08 million HIV positive cases in the country . 8. Others :- Kala azar , meningitis , viral hepatitis , JE , dengue fever , enteric fever, and helminthes infestation are among the other important communicable disease problems in India. These problems can be overcome by, such measures, as manipulation of environment, practice if preventive medicine and improvement of standards of living .
- 10. 2- Non- communicable disease problems NCDs , especially diabetes mellitus , CVD, Cancer, stroke, and chronic lung disease have emerged as major public health problems due to an aging population and environmentally – driven change behavior . Cancer has become an important public health problem in India with an estimated 7 & 9 lakhs cases occurring every year. In , India more then 12 million people are blinds . Most of the district hospitals have a post of dental surgeon but they lack equipment , machinery, material.
- 11. 3- Nutritional problems From the Nutritional points of , the indian society is a dual society, consisting of small group of well fed and a very large group of undernourished. The specific nutritional problems in the country are :-
- 13. 4- Environmental Sanitation problems The most difficult problems to tackle in the country is perhaps the environmental sanitation problem, which is multifacted & multifactorial. Sanitation is the hygienic means of promoting health through prevention of human contact the hazards of wastes. Hazards can be physical, microbiological, biological, or chemical agents disease.
- 14. Open defecation is a huge problems in rural areas though it has reduced but the practice not completely vanished . It is estimated that 1 in every 10 deaths in Indian villages, is linked to sanitation and hygiene. In 2012, minister of development stated India has the worlds largest “open air toilet”. This is of greater concern as of deaths from diarrhea occur because of unsafe water, inadequate sanitation & poor hygiene .
- 15. 5- Medical problems India has a national health policy. It does not have a national health service. The financial resources are considered inadequate to furnish the costs of running such a service. The government spending on health care is grossly inadequate. It spends about 1% of the national GDP on health care .
- 16. The main medical problems are:- over crowded hospitals . Lack of manpower. Inadequate availability and accessibility.
- 17. 6- population problems Population problems is one of the major problems of India that is called the population explosion. In 2011, estimated that India with 1,220,200,000 (1.22 billion) people and is the second most population country in the worlds. Both domestic and global population growth is adding to conflict over water , energy, food, open space, and wilderness, transportation infrastructure, schools rooms, and numerous other problems .
- 18. Cont… In developing countries , large family size is a major cause of poverty and poor health. Currently the growth rate of India is 1.8.
- 19. Reference Saxena R.P . Textbook of community health nursing . 2nd edition. Lotus publication. New Delhi. 2018. page no. 68-70 Park,s K. text book of preventive and social medicine. 23 rd edition m/s banarasidas bhanot publishers. Prem nagar nagpur road jabalpur (India). 2015 . Page no.898-900.