21st CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD.pdf
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Dive into the vibrant tapestry of 21st-century Philippine literature as it unfolds along the rich timeline of the nation's literary history. This topic examines the dynamic dimensions of Philippine literary evolution, exploring the contemporary voices, themes, and narratives that shape the nation's cultural identity. Discover the diverse range of literary works, authors, and emerging trends that make the 21st century a compelling chapter in the ongoing story of Philippine literature.
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21st CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD.pdf
- 1. 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
- 2. General Description This course aims to engage students in appreciation and critical study of 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World encompassing their various dimensions, genres, elements, structures, contexts, and traditions. Course Description Study and appreciation of the literature of the region where the school is located in relation to the literature of the other regions of the country.
- 3. EXPECTED FINAL REQUIREMENT produce a creative representation of a literary text by applying multi-media skills
- 4. Literature? a body of written (oral) works portraying aesthetic quality
- 5. Literature? Story of man Helps to understand human nature Provides entertainment and pleasure Helps appreciate out literary heritage
- 6. General Types of Literature PROSE POETRY
- 7. PROSE utilizes natural language, resembling everyday speech, to convey stories, ideas, and emotions without the structured patterns of poetry Written in sentences and paragraphs
- 9. POETRY frequently employs rhythmic and metrical patterns through techniques like rhyme, meter, and syllabic structures, creating a musical quality that distinguishes it from prose
- 10. POETRY relies heavily on figurative language such as metaphors, similes, personification, and symbolism, which enhance the depth and layers of meaning within the text
- 11. POETRY Epic Ballad Sonnet Elegy Ode Psalm Narrative Poetry Lyric Poetry Dramatic Poetry
- 12. LITERARY TIMELINE Try to complete the literary TIMELINE below. Choose your answers from the given choices written below 1520 1521- 1871 1872- 1898 1898- 1944 1941- 1945 1946- 1970 1970- 1980 1981- 1985 1986- 1999 2001- present 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Japanese Period Rebirth of Freedom Post EDSA American Period Pre-Spanish Period 21st Century Spanish Period Period of Enlightenment Period of Activism and New Society Period of Third Philippine Republic
- 13. Dimensions of Philippine Literary History GEOGRAPHY LANGUAGE ETHNICITY
- 14. GEOGRAPHY the study of places and the relationships between people and their environments Location of where the literary text is located
- 16. 1. REGION I 2. REGION II 3. REGION III 4. REGION IV-A REGION IV-B 5. REGION V 6. REGION VI 7. REGION VII 8. REGION VIII 9. REGION IX 10. REGION X 11. REGION XI 12. REGION XII 13. REGION XIII a. CAGAYAN VALLEY b. ILOCOS c. CALABARZON d. CENTRAL LUZON e. WESTERN VISAYAS f. BICOL g. EASTERN VISAYAS h. CENTRAL VISAYAS i. NORTHERN MINDANAO j. ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA k. SOCCSKSARGEN l. DAVAO m. CARAGA n. MIMAROPA
- 17. Region I Region II Region III Region IV-A Region IV-B Region V Region VI Region VII Region VIII Ilocos Region Cagayan Valley Central Luzon Calabarzon Mimaropa Bicol Region Western Visayas Central Visayas Eastern Visayas
- 18. Region IX Region X Region XI Region XII Region XIII Zamboanga Peninsula Northern Mindanao Davao Region Socksargen CARAGA
- 19. LANGUAGE a system of conventional spoken, manual (signed), or written symbols by which individuals express themselves
- 20. ETHNICITY e quality or fact of belonging to a population group or subgroup made up of people who share a common cultural background or descent
- 21. Tagalog
- 22. Cebuano
- 23. Ilocano
- 24. Maguindanao
- 25. Tausug
- 26. Igorot
- 29. What do we know about these eras?
- 30. PRE-COLONIAL 1
- 37. The first period of the Philippine literary history is the longest. Long time before the Spaniards and other foreigners landed on Philippine shores, our forefathers already had their own literature stamped in the history of our race. PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD
- 39. • all literature produced before the Spanish colonization like chants, proverbs, songs, and folk narrative These were all passed down from generation to generation by word of mouth They depict the people’s livelihood, customs, and traditions. PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD
- 40. BUGTONG Ang bugtong, pahulaan, o patuturan ay isang pangungusap o tanong na may doble o nakatagong kahulugan na nilulutas bilang isang palaisipan mga maiiksing pangungusap na lubhang makahulugan at naglalayong magbigay patnubay sa ating pang-araw- araw na pamumuhay SALAWIKAIN
- 41. “Do not do unto your fellow men what you do not wish done to you.”
- 42. Ang masama sa iyo, Huwag mong gawin sa kapwa mo. - Tagalog Kung ano and maraot sa imo, Dai mo gibuhon sa iba. - Bicol
- 43. Saanmo aramiden iti padam a tao ti do ca cayat a maaramidkenka. - Ilocano Dili mo pagpuhaton ngato sa uban and alang kanimo dautan - Cebuano
- 44. Daig ng maagap ang masipag. - Tagalog A stitch in time saves nine. Do not put off for tomorrow what you can do today. The early bird catches the worm.
- 45. Ibagam no sinno ti caduam ta ibagak nu sinnoca. Tell me who your companions are, and ill tell you who you are. Birds of the same feather, flock together.
- 46. Haan nga tau, haan nga hayup, agtedtedted ti luwana. A tall white lady, eating her own body. BUGTONG
- 47. CHANTS OR BULONG This was used in witchcraft or enchantment especially in remote places in the Visayas.
- 48. LEGENDS folklore that consists of a narrative featuring human actions perceived or believed both by teller and listeners to have taken place within human history
- 49. FOLKTALES These are made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror, and humor where one can derive lessons.
- 50. EPICS These are long narrative poems in which a series of heroic achievements or events, usually of a hero, are dealt with at length.
- 51. FOLK SONGS These are one of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged in the pre-Spanish period. These songs mirrored the early forms of culture.
- 52. The Spanish period in the Philippines, which lasted for over three centuries, began in 1565 when Spanish explorer Miguel López de Legazpi arrived and ended in 1898 when the Philippines declared independence. During this time, Spain's influence left a lasting impact on Philippine culture, language, religion, and society, making it a significant era in the nation's history. SPANISH PERIOD (1565 to 1898)
- 56. predominantly written in Spanish, reflecting the colonial influence Early works included "Doctrina Christiana," which aimed to propagate Christianity and educate Filipinos about the Catholic faith SPANISH PERIOD
- 57. Secular literature emerged, including various forms of poetry like the "Awit" and "Corrido," which often depicted love, heroism, and chivalry SPANISH PERIOD
- 58. The "Florante at Laura" by Francisco Balagtas is a notable epic poem, illustrating themes of love and patriotism SPANISH PERIOD
- 59. laid the foundation for the development of Filipino literature in the centuries that followed, as it introduced new literary forms and themes to the culture SPANISH PERIOD
- 60. Religious Writings A significant portion of literature during this period was devoted to religious themes. This included religious texts like the "Doctrina Christiana," sermons, and theological treatises.
- 61. Awit at Corrido These were forms of narrative poetry. "Awit" typically dealt with themes of love, while "Corrido" often focused on heroic tales.
- 62. Cenaculos These were dramatic plays that reenacted biblical stories and were often performed during religious festivals, particularly during Holy Week.
- 64. Pasyon The "Pasyon" is a narrative of the Passion, Death, and Resurrection of Jesus Christ. It was a popular religious literary form, often chanted or sung during Holy Week.
- 65. Panunuluyan tradisyonal na dula sa bisperas ng Pasko hinggil sa paghahanap ng matutuluyan nina Birheng Maria at San Jose sa Herusalem at pagsisilang kay Hesus sa isang sabsaban
- 66. "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo" by Jose Rizal: These novels are considered among the most influential works in Philippine literature. "Noli Me Tangere" (1887) and its sequel, "El Filibusterismo" (1891), exposed the social injustices and corruption under Spanish colonial rule and inspired the Filipino nationalist movement.
- 68. Ang magkapatid na sina Urbana at Felisa ay nagpapalitan ng liham dahil sila ay magkalayo. Si Urbana ay nasa Maynila dahil nag-aaral ito sa isang pamantasang pambabae roon. Si Felisa naman ay binibigyan ng pangaral ang kaniyang kapatid na si Urbana dahil malayo ito at nasa Maynila.
- 69. Ayon kay Felisa, dapat daw ay lumayo sa anumang tukso ang kapatid upang makapag- aral nang maayos at hindi maging sagabal sa kaniyang pagtatapos.
- 70. Nais ni Felisa na taglayin din ng kaniyang kapatid ang kaniyang magandang pag-uugali at mahusay na pakikisama kaya naman patuloy ang pagpapaalala niya sa kapatid. Panay ang paalala niya sa kapatid sa mga bagay na dapat ugaliin sa iba’t ibang pagkakataon. Umiwas din daw si Urbana sa mga bisyo.
- 71. Si Urbana naman ay nanghihingi ng balita tungkol sa kanilang kapatid na si Honesto. Sinasagot naman siya ni Felisa kasabay ang mga kuwento tungkol sa mga nagaganap sa kanilang lugar na Paombong, Bulacan. Nanghingi rin ng payo si Felisa sa kaniyang ate dahil sa pagpapakasal niya kay Amadeo.
- 72. Sa huling bahagi ng kanilang palitan ng liham, malungkot na ibinalita ni Felisa ang pagpanaw ng kanilang ama. Sabi raw ng tatay nina Urbana, sabihin na lamang sa kaniyang wala na ang ama kung tapos na ang burol upang hindi mag-alala ang kaniyang anak na nasa malayong lugar.
- 75. This era saw significant changes in Philippine society and governance, including the establishment of a democratic government, the introduction of English as the medium of instruction, and the implementation of modern infrastructure and education systems. AMERICAN PERIOD (1898 to 1946)
- 79. One of the most noticeable changes during this period was the shift from Spanish to English as the primary language of literary expression. The American colonial government promoted English as the medium of instruction in schools, and this policy had a profound impact on Philippine literature.
- 80. The American period saw the introduction of new literary forms, such as the short story and the essay, which were popularized by writers like Manuel Arguilla and Carlos Bulosan. These forms allowed for concise and focused storytelling.
- 81. Despite the American influence, many Filipino writers continued to express their nationalist and patriotic sentiments.
- 82. Known for his short stories like "How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife," which depicted rural life and the struggle for identity.
- 83. Amado Hernandez: His novel "Mga Ibong Mandaragit" addressed issues of social injustice and exploitation.
- 84. Several literary publications and magazines played a significant role in promoting and shaping Filipino literature.
- 85. American period is considered a golden age of Tagalog literature because it was a time of significant growth and development in the field. The promotion of the Tagalog language, the emergence of various literary forms, the prevalence of nationalistic themes, the presence of literary publications, and the contributions of notable writers all contributed to the flourishing of Tagalog literature during this period. Additionally, this era played a crucial role in shaping the cultural and linguistic identity of the Philippines. AMERICAN PERIOD
- 86. The Japanese established a puppet government under President José P. Laurel. This government had limited autonomy but was ultimately controlled by the Japanese military. The Japanese occupation was marred by numerous human rights abuses, including massacres, torture, and atrocities committed by Japanese soldiers against Filipino civilians and resistance fighters. JAPANESE PERIOD (1941 to 1945)
- 90. The weekly LIWAYWAY was placed under strict surveillance until it was managed by the Japanese.
- 91. Three types of poems emerged during this period. Haiku, Tanaga and Karaniwang Anyo
- 94. Because of the strict prohibitions imposed by the Japanese in the writing and publishing of works in English, Philippine literature in English experienced a dark period. JAPANESE PERIOD (1941 to 1945)
- 96. The contemporary period in Philippine literature refers to the literary landscape from the late 20th century to the present day. This period has been marked by a rich diversity of voices and themes, reflecting the evolving social, political, and cultural landscape of the Philippines. CONTEMPORARY PERIOD
- 101. Contemporary Period • Most Philippine writers are educators. Various writers’ guild and award-giving bodies were institutionalized during this period. Its main goals is to produce finest literary writers in the English Language.
- 104. Martial Law Literature As years went by, Political unrest buffeted the young Republic. Campus newspapers showed rebellious emotions. They held pens and wrote on placards in red paints. There is a direct military control and suspension of ordinary law, which is characterized by extreme controlled society. Prominent political figures and media personalities who openly criticized the government were arrested, incarcerated and/or went missing.
- 106. Protest Literature Sometime called as revolutionary literature, refers to works that express distaste, disagreement, or transgression to the present government, applicable to the current political social, and/or economic conditions of the country when the works were written. An example as Lualhati Bautista’s Dekada ‘70.
- 107. Prison Literature Prison literature refers to literary works produced by authors who are incarcerated or confined in a secluded area such as prison cell. During martial law, the government arrested not only political and media dissidents but also writers and scholars such as Bienvenido Lumbera, Ricardo Lee, and among others. Some examples of prison literature include Pintig sa Malamig na Bakal: Poems and Letters from the Philippine Prison (1979) and Mila Aguila’s Why Cage Pigeons? (1984
- 109. CONTEMPO Literature Gay and women writings, including male authors writing about women, and gay and feminist discourses developed. Post EDSA writings paved the way for the development of vernacular literature, or literature written using the daily speech of common people, which is also became a source of regional literary histories.
- 110. CONTEMPO Literature From conservative plots, literary works nowadays are gender- sensitive, exploring the plurality of culture and challenging social normality. Technology plays an important role. From blogs, stories are materialized and turned into books: such is the case for Bob Ong and Marcelo Santos III, a popular anonymous writer who uses this pseudonym.
- 111. CONTEMPO Literature Stories uploaded via Wattpad not only materialize into books but a areal so adapted into movies such as Diary ng Panget, She’s Dating the Gangster.
- 113. CONTEMPO Literature Women, lesbian ang gay writings continue to flourish and become recognized and accepted. More regional works are being recognized, and these literary texts are now included in workshops and awards. Writers also embark on translating their works into another language or dialect or translating a foreign work into Filipino, such as Remoto’s translation of John Green’s The Fault in our Stars.
- 115. What modern twist to the classic Philippine folktale was added to the story? What is the impact of this modern twist to the overall impression to the story?
- 116. LAZY JUAN
- 117. Juan Tamad was, like, this super chill dude in the Philippines, right? He was famous for being, well, lazy AF. He lived with his mom, and all he wanted to do was sleep all day and avoid any kind of work. One day, his mom was like, "Juan, you gotta do something with your life, bro. Get off that lazy butt of yours!" She told him to go out and look for some bayabass because they needed to eat. Juan was like, "Ugh, seriously, Ma?" but he did it anyway.
- 118. So, he goes to this bayabas tree, and instead of climbing it like a normal person, he just lays under it and waits for a bayabas to fall into his mouth. He thought, "Why work when gravity can do the job for me?" Genius, right? But of course, bayabas didn't just magically drop into his mouth. He lay there for hours, and nothing happened. Juan Tamad was getting frustrated, but he refused to budge.
- 119. Finally, a passerby saw this dude lying there and was like, "Dude, what are you doing?" Juan Tamad replied, "I'm waiting for a bayabas to fall. Why bother climbing the tree?" The passerby shook his head and said, "Man, you gotta put in some effort. Life doesn't work that way." He showed Juan how to climb the tree, pick the bayabas, and actually do some work.
- 120. Juan Tamad learned his lesson that day – that life isn't about waiting for things to fall into your lap, but you gotta hustle and put in the effort. So, he started working hard and stopped being such a lazy bum. But hey, his story still reminds us that sometimes, we all need a little kick in the butt to get going.
- 121. In the story, Juan Tamad's approach to life is marked by laziness and a desire for the easy way out. How does the story illustrate the theme that success and progress often require hard work and effort? What message does this convey to the readers?