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 oe.cd/comp-trends
OECD
Competition
Trends 2024
KEY HIGHLIGHTS
CompStats includes almost all of the world’s
competition enforcement and…
2
Non -OECD
39
77
OECD
38 Europe
34
77
MEA
18
Americas
10
Asia-Pacific
15
… over 30 economic and legal variables
3
1. Competition staff and nominal budgets
continued growing but real budgets in 2022 decreased.
4
Real competition budget
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Real
competition
budget
EUR
Millions
Asia-Pacific Europe Middle East and Africa Americas
Although nominal budgets increased 10%
in 2022, real budget decreased 2.6%
Competition staff
2. Leniency applications increased in all regions
for the first time since 2015
5
Total number of leniency applications
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
All Asia-Pacific Europe Americas Middle East and Africa
3. But cartel decisions decreased, mostly in Europe
6
Average number of cartel decisions
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Avg
cartel
decisions
Asia-Pacific Middle East and Africa Americas Europe
4. Abuse of dominance investigations and decisions
also declined
7
Average abuse of dominance investigations (left) and decisions
(right)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
All OECD Non-OECD
5. As a result, fines imposed decreased in 2022
8
Average fines imposed per jurisdiction by type of infringement
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Avg
fines
in
EUR
Millions
Cartel Abuse of dominance
6. There was a drop in merger notifications
9
Average merger notifications by region
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Americas Asia-Pacific Europe Middle East and Africa
7. The intervention rate increased significantly in OECD
jurisdictions (as CAs approved more mergers with remedies)
10
Average merger intervention rate
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
All OECD Non-OECD
The total number of mergers
cleared with remedies in
phase I and II increased 56%.
It went from 169 mergers in
2021 to 263 in 2022.
8. Prohibitions are concentrated in a few jurisdictions
11
Total prohibitions, by jurisdiction, 2015-2022
41
40
15
12
8 8
7 7
6 6 6
5
4 4 4 4 4
3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
9. Horizontal theories of harm are the most common in
prohibition decisions
12
Total prohibitions, by theory of harm and whether it relied on a single
or multiple theories of harm, 2015-2022
139
16 16
34
20 23
4
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
Horizontal (unilateral) Horizontal (coordinated) Vertical Conglomerate
Total
prohibitions
Single TOH Multiple TOH
10. The industries with most prohibitions between 2015-22
were manufacturing, retail trade and transportation
13
Total prohibitions, by industry (NAICS), 2015-2022
59
28
20 19
16 15
10 9 8 7 5 4 4 2 2 2 2 1 1 1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Total
prohibitions
PREVIOUS OECD COMPETITION TRENDS REPORTS
Full publications available at oe.cd/comp-trends
2020 2021 2022 2023
 oe.cd/comp-trends

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OECD Competition Trends 2024 - Highlights

  • 2. CompStats includes almost all of the world’s competition enforcement and… 2 Non -OECD 39 77 OECD 38 Europe 34 77 MEA 18 Americas 10 Asia-Pacific 15
  • 3. … over 30 economic and legal variables 3
  • 4. 1. Competition staff and nominal budgets continued growing but real budgets in 2022 decreased. 4 Real competition budget 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Real competition budget EUR Millions Asia-Pacific Europe Middle East and Africa Americas Although nominal budgets increased 10% in 2022, real budget decreased 2.6% Competition staff
  • 5. 2. Leniency applications increased in all regions for the first time since 2015 5 Total number of leniency applications 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 All Asia-Pacific Europe Americas Middle East and Africa
  • 6. 3. But cartel decisions decreased, mostly in Europe 6 Average number of cartel decisions 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Avg cartel decisions Asia-Pacific Middle East and Africa Americas Europe
  • 7. 4. Abuse of dominance investigations and decisions also declined 7 Average abuse of dominance investigations (left) and decisions (right) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 All OECD Non-OECD
  • 8. 5. As a result, fines imposed decreased in 2022 8 Average fines imposed per jurisdiction by type of infringement 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Avg fines in EUR Millions Cartel Abuse of dominance
  • 9. 6. There was a drop in merger notifications 9 Average merger notifications by region 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Americas Asia-Pacific Europe Middle East and Africa
  • 10. 7. The intervention rate increased significantly in OECD jurisdictions (as CAs approved more mergers with remedies) 10 Average merger intervention rate 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 All OECD Non-OECD The total number of mergers cleared with remedies in phase I and II increased 56%. It went from 169 mergers in 2021 to 263 in 2022.
  • 11. 8. Prohibitions are concentrated in a few jurisdictions 11 Total prohibitions, by jurisdiction, 2015-2022 41 40 15 12 8 8 7 7 6 6 6 5 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
  • 12. 9. Horizontal theories of harm are the most common in prohibition decisions 12 Total prohibitions, by theory of harm and whether it relied on a single or multiple theories of harm, 2015-2022 139 16 16 34 20 23 4 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Horizontal (unilateral) Horizontal (coordinated) Vertical Conglomerate Total prohibitions Single TOH Multiple TOH
  • 13. 10. The industries with most prohibitions between 2015-22 were manufacturing, retail trade and transportation 13 Total prohibitions, by industry (NAICS), 2015-2022 59 28 20 19 16 15 10 9 8 7 5 4 4 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Total prohibitions
  • 14. PREVIOUS OECD COMPETITION TRENDS REPORTS Full publications available at oe.cd/comp-trends 2020 2021 2022 2023