Bio Medical Waste Management Guideliness 2023 ppt.pptx
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This document provides guidelines for biomedical waste management. It discusses the need for proper segregation, transportation, treatment and disposal of biomedical waste. The key categories of biomedical waste are outlined as well as the color coding system used to segregate different waste types. Proper waste management procedures help prevent environmental pollution and ensure staff and patient safety.
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Bio Medical Waste Management Guideliness 2023 ppt.pptx
- 1. Bio Medical Waste Management Guidelines Dr. Anjalatchi Muthukumaran Vice Principal and Nursing Superintendent Era College of Nursing and ELMCH Era University , Lucknow 226003
- 2. Content of the BMWM • Transportation of BMW from segregation point to Disposal area/storage area • Treatment of Disposal method • Recycle of BMWM • Forms /format to use daily records purpose • Symbol /sign of BMWM • Indicators to follow in BMWM • Checklist • Summary • Conclusion • Question related topic ? • References • Introduction • Definition/meaning • Goal/aim/objectives • Component of BMWM • Need of BMWM • Sources of BMWM • Category of BMWM • Color code for BMWM • Segregation point at BMWM • Packing of BMWM • Cleaning /Disinfection of BMW bin/Polythene/trolley • PPE for BMW handler
- 3. Biomedical Waste • Biomedical or Hospital Waste is any kind of waste containing infectious materials. • It may also include waste associated with the generation of biomedical waste that visually appears to be medical. • Broadly, Biomedical Waste refers to any waste which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities pertaining thereto or in production or testing of biological products including categories mentioned in Schedule 1, of the BMW Rules 2016.
- 4. INTRODUCTION
- 7. WHO AT RISK?
- 8. QUANTITY OF WASTE GENERATED PER BED /PER DAY SEGREGATION
- 11. TYPE OF BMW WASTE
- 16. The Biomedical Wastes consist of: • 1. Human anatomical waste like tissues, organs and body parts • 2. Animal wastes generated during research from veterinary hospitals • 3. Microbiology and biotechnology wastes • 4. Waste sharps like hypodermic needles, syringes, scalpels and broken glass • 5. Discarded medicines and cytotoxic drugs • 6. Soiled waste such as dressing, bandages, plaster casts, material contaminated with blood, tubes and catheters • 7. Liquid waste from any of the infected areas • 8. Incineration ash and other chemical wastes
- 18. BMW waste exposure hazards
- 19. STEPS IN MANAGEMENT BMWM
- 20. Category of BMWM
- 22. EXAMPLE OF WASTE
- 23. CONTINUED
- 24. MANGEMENT OF HEALTH CARE WASTE • Patient right and responsibilities • Patient safety act • Consumer protection act 1986 • Environmental protection act • Central pollution board control act • BMWM guidelines2016
- 25. Color Coding of Biomedical Waste in India As per Bio-medical Waste Management Rules, 2016 • Bio-medical waste is required to be segregated in following color coded waste categories – • Red Bag – Syringes (without needles), soiled gloves, catheters, IV tubes etc. should be all disposed of in a red coloured bag, which will later be incinerated. • Yellow Bag – All dressings, bandages and cotton swabs with body fluids, blood bags, human anatomical waste, body parts are to be discarded in yellow bags.
- 27. COLOR CODES OF BMWM
- 28. Concerns with Biomedical Waste • Land Pollution – If not treated and dumped into landfills then there is a high chance for heavy metals like cadmium, lead, mercury, etc. get released. Further, there is a chance these metals get absorbed by plants and can then enter the food chain also. • Air Pollution – Pathogens present in the waste can enter and remain in the air for a long period in the form of spores or pathogens. As Covid-19 spreads through the air, improper treating/not treating it might lead to a new wave of respiratory syndromes.
- 29. Continued • Radioactive Pollution – Hospitals are increasingly using radioactive isotopes for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The main radioisotopes used in hospitals are technetium-99m (Tc-99m), Iodine-131(I-131), etc. These have carcinogenic properties. • Epidemic – According to the WHO study, improper waste management is one of the major causes of an increase in infectious diseases globally. This is why the Covid-19 pandemic wastes require proper treatment
- 30. Continued • Operational Health Hazards – Improper handling of biomedical waste might lead to Injuries from sharps and exposure to harmful radioactive wastes. This will create issues for nurses, emergency medical personnel, and sanitary workers. • Increased Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) – Biomedical wastes aggravate the problem of AMR. Ever since the pandemic, the use of biocides (sanitizers, disinfectants, and antibiotics) increased manifold. If there is no proper treatment of biocides then the AMR will increase rapidly.
- 31. Treatment method of BMWM Autoclaving • Autoclaving - The process of autoclaving involves steam sterilization. Instead of incineration, which can be expensive, autoclaving simply introduces very hot steam for a determined amount of time.
- 32. Color code with treatment method
- 33. YELLOW BIN
- 34. RED BIN
- 35. BLUE CONTAINER
- 36. WHITE BOX
- 38. Bio medical waste disposal cycle
- 39. Disposal process of BMWM
- 42. Disposal of BMWM
- 45. Incineration • Incineration – The major benefits of incineration are that it is quick, easy, and simple. It effectively removes the waste entirely and safely removes any microorganisms.
- 46. Incinerator
- 47. Chemical disinfection • Chemical disinfection – When it comes to liquid waste, a common biomedical waste disposal method can be chemical disinfection. • Chlorine is a regular choice for this process, and is introduced to the liquid waste in order to kill microorganisms and pathogens
- 48. HYDROCLAVE
- 49. Microwaving • Microwaving – Microwave technology can also disinfect wastes. Wastes are first placed into a shredder. This wastes are mixed with water and internally heated that neutralizes present biologicals.
- 50. Irradiation • Irradiation – This method involves waste sterilization by exposing waste to cobalt sources. Cobalt emits gamma rays that kill all the microbes in wastes.
- 52. Sharp pit method
- 53. Shredding • Shredding – It is a process by which waste are de-shaped or cut into smaller pieces so as to make the wastes unrecognizable. • It helps in prevention of reuse of bio-medical waste and also acts as an identifier that the wastes have been disinfected and are safe to dispose-off.
- 57. Legal legislation /Authorities related to BMWM • Authorities Dealing with Biomedical Waste in India Central Pollution Control Board – The CPCB has been following up with all SPCBs/PCCs to ensure effective management of biomedical waste in States/UTs. • National Green Tribunal (NGT) – The NGT has been stringent on the application of the BMW 2016. • Common Bio-Medical Waste Treatment and Disposal Facilities (CBWTDF) – There are now over 200 licensed CBWTDF or Common Treatment Facilities (CTF) in India.
- 59. Features of BMW, 2016 • Compulsory pre-treatment – The method of sterilization/disinfection should be in accordance with National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) or WHO. • Phasing out plastic use – The use of chlorinated plastic bags, gloves, blood bags, etc. should be gradually stopped and this phasing out should be within 2 years from the date of notification of these rules. • Safe disposal of Liquid waste – They need to be separated at source by pre-treatment before mixing with other liquid waste. • Incineration guidelines – The existing incinerator should be upgraded/modified to achieve the new standard within 2 years from the date of this notification.
- 61. Segregate to be observed
- 64. HOW POLYTHENE TO BE PURCHASED
- 65. How to select the label of BMW bag
- 67. PACKING OF BMW BINS
- 70. Bio medical waste management preparation chart
- 71. TRANSPORTATION
- 74. Continued
- 76. Personal protective measure( PPE)
- 77. Continued
- 82. Challenges in India • Increase in waste– In a highly populous country like India, there is a rise in residential biomedical waste and its collection without adhering to safety protocols could also trigger a surge in caseload. • Poor Compliance of BMW rules – States are not following the CPCB guidelines. • Non-segregation – In some states, improper segregation of waste has been reported. • Improper disposal – The non-segregation of waste results in the incineration of contaminated plastics producing toxic gases and adding to air pollution. • Lack of infrastructure – Currently, in India, there are only 198 CBMWTF in operation and 28 are under construction. • No alternative to incineration – During incineration and postcombustion cooling, waste components dissociate and recombine forming new particles.
- 83. BIO MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT POSTER CHART
- 84. EXAMPLE OF SOME ORGANIZATION BMWM CHART
- 85. Example –chart
- 86. BMWM chart in one language
- 87. DENTAL CLINIC -BMWM CHART
- 89. BMWM signage
- 90. BMW activities
- 91. Conclusion • Safe and effective management of biomedical waste is not only a lawful obligation but also a civil duty. • The current BMWM 2016 rules are an improvement over earlier rules in terms of improved segregation, transportation, and disposal methods, to decrease environmental pollution and ensure the safety of the staff, patients, and public
- 92. TRANSPORTATION IS CORRECT OR WRONG? STORAGE OF WASTE ?
- 93. References • 1. Hari Singh. (2018). Essentials of management for healthcare professionals. Crc Press, Taylor & Francis Group. • 2. WHO. Review of Health Impacts from Microbiological Hazards in Health-Care Wastes. Geneva: World Health Organization; • 3. R Radhakrishnan, Dr. (2006). Bio Medical waste management. Sumit Enterprises. • 4. K Sasikumar, & Sanoop Gopi Krishna. (2009). Solid waste management. Phi Learning. • 5.Ministry of health and family welfare guidelines • 6. national health mission guidelines • 7. central pollution board guidelines • 8. state health guidelines • 9.Environment safety guidelines
- 94. Take your home message • Your responsible for your health • Your responsible for health care services if your health care professionals • Take plenty of water every day • Eat balanced diet • Eat seasonal fruits, vegetables , and other • Avoid junks foods and fast food • be happy ,your responsible for your health • Make the environment healthy, happy and ready to do work with smile manner • Get vaccination as per policy • Lead your life as healthy way, not wealthy way…….
- 95. THANK YOU SO MUCH